Magnetic valve

ABSTRACT

A magnetic control valve comprising inlet and outlet members, a valve seat, a closing member movable into sealing engagement with the valve seat upon actuation of a magnetic coil which has an opening therethrough through which the controlled medium flows, and includes a guide tube for guiding the closing member in said opening, which closing member also forms a magnetic armature of the magnet part of the magnetic valve.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a magnetic valve comprising a valve seat and aclosing member movable into a closing direction upon a magnetic fieldtraversing a coil. It is known in such a valve (DE-OS 34 16 465) toseparate a hydraulic portion including an inlet opening and a outletopening, an annular valve seat and closing member, from a magneticportion spatially. The magnetic portion is arranged above the hydraulicportion, and a magnet armature, which is attracted by a toroidal coilaccording to control, actuates the valve member via a valve stem.Therefore, in this known valve, it is necessary to change the flowdirection of a medium from the valve, usually the cooling liquid of aninternal combustion engine, in a twofold manner, since the valve part,with its closing member is arranged in an axial stacked arrangement withthe armature of the magnet part and the liquid medium cannot also flowthrough the magnet part with armature after the valve member moves toits open position. Nevertheless, in this known valve which is suitablefor use in a heating device for heating the passenger space of a motorvehicle having a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine, it must beensured that no corrosion can occur above the hydraulic area, that is,in the magnet part from an air stream. Therefore, the valve stem a has athoughbore and forms a duct for the cooling medium.

In addition, the known magnetic valve has a rather complicatedconstruction since, to give a numerical example, no fewer than 18element parts or components are required, and a considerable magneticcirculation and a correspondingly large expenditure of energy arerequired for controlling the magnet coil due to the transmission offorce via the valve stem for switching the valve.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is the object of the invention to provide a magnetic valve, which ispreferably utilized as a hot water timing valve for use in heatingdevices in motor vehicles (in air-conditioning systems on the waterside), and is resistant to wear, and function in a reliable mannerwhile, at the same time, being substantially simplified structurally.

This object is achieved by providing a valve with a medium flow pathwithin the coil and in which the closing member forms the magnetarmature.

The magnetic valve according to the invention has the advantage thatmagnetic functions and functions relating to fluid mechanics arerealized with the same elements by a simple coaxial construction basedon a simple principle of operation and without use of springs.

The magnetic valve, according to the invention, can be drasticallysimplified structurally, since, to provide another comparison example innumerical values, only four parts or components are required, so that,in addition to a considerable reduction in cost, the structure issuitable for automatic assembly.

A gas or liquid medium from the magnetic valve need not be diverted inthe direction of flow, and a single movable part of the magnetic valvewhich, according to the invention, simultaneously acts as a closingmember and a magnet armature, is shaped so as to benefit flow in such away that the majority of the pressure loss, which is very slight in anycase (a total of only approximately 0.2 bar as seen via the valve), canbe recovered again, practically without vortex losses, after passing thevalve seat area; in other words, the higher flow velocity in the seatarea, which occurs as kinetic energy of the fluid, is realized as apressure gain downstream of the valve.

In addition, it is advantageous that a trouble-free operation alsoresults when, considering the specific area of application of themagnetic valve in air-conditioning systems for motor vehicles and thelike, a cooling mixture is contaminated with foundry sand, for example,or other and, also with fibrous agents.

Since the magnetic valve according to the invention is much smaller thanknown valves of this type because the previous axial stacked arrangementof the magnet part and the hydraulic part is eliminated not only asubstantial reduction in weight (that is, to approximately only half theweight of known magnetic valves), but also a significant reduction ofelectric current consumption required for implementing switchingoperations (the theoretical closing force is approximately 2.5 timeslower than in the conventional manner of construction is achieved).

A specially circumfluent shape of the magnet armature/closing memberwhich particularly benefits flow and enables the member to freely movein its support within a predetermined distance without a prestressed aspring, which is subject to corrosion, results in favorable flowbehavior of the flowing medium, but also simultaneously in a powerfulmagnetic circuit which closes when the magnet coil is actuated byreducing an air gap, whereby the closing member is simultaneouslyattracted to its seat by means.

Particularly advantageous is a possibility of using a magnetic valveaccording to the invention as a return valve without modifying theconstruction thereof, so that, for the same flow circulation, themagnetic valve according to the invention either releases or blocks theflow of the medium to be switched in one flow direction, according tothe control, and automatically closes in the other flow direction.

The invention as to its construction so to its mode of operation,together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be bestunderstood from the following description of the preferred embodimentwith reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

FIG. 1 shows an enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view of the basicconstruction of a preferred embodiment of a magnetic valve according tothe invention;

FIG. 2, shows a schematic model of fundamental flow-line patterns in amagnetic valve according to the invention;

FIG. 3 shows a diagram of a flow pattern shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional combined view of twopossible embodiments I and II of a magnetic valve according to theinvention;

FIG. 5 shows an enlarged sectional view along the line V--V in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 shows an enlarged side view of the closing member/magnet armatureof a magnetic valve according to the invention; and

FIG. 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the closing member of amagnetic valve according to the invention in the area of its vanes.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The basic idea of the invention consists in realizing magnetic functionsand functions relating to fluid mechanics in a compact manner andconcentrically to one another with the same elements, wherein theclosing member, which controls flow of a fluid medium, simultaneouslyserves as a magnet armature for a magnet coil enclosing it, and, inaddition to receiving the magnet yoke, or as part of same, the coil bodytakes over the supporting functions for the floating body and, inaddition, extends directly into outer connection parts on both sides ofthe valve so that, e.g., hose connections or the like may be slipped on.The natural size of the magnetic valve, according to the invention and,therefore, also compactness of its construction, light weight, and lowenergy output for the switching processes, can be seen in FIG. 3, whichshows a possible embodiment of a magnetic valve according to theinvention at twice its actual size.

According to FIG. 1, a magnetic valve 10 is constructed from four mainparts, namely, a first carrier part 11, a second carrier part 12, whichis arranged opposite the latter, a metallic housing 13 whichsubstantially encloses the magnet coil and also forms the magneticreturn path, and a closing member 14 which simultaneously forms the partwhich is displaceable under the influences of magnetic forces, that is,a magnet armature.

The first carrier part comprises a molded part 15 which passes into theoutlet connection piece 16 so as to form one piece. This carrier part 11can, therefore, be designated in its entirety as an outlet piece. Thecarrier part 11 has, to the right of the drawing, an extension forming acoil body 17 which has generally a shape of a twisting roller andsupports a coil 18. In the area of the coil body, a yoke part 19consisting of magnetically conductive material of a correspondingpermeability is embedded in the coil body. In addition, electricalplug-in connections, which are indicated at 20, are anchored in thematerial of the outlet piece, e.g. screwed in or cast in immediatelyduring its production, the electrical connections 21 of the coil beingguided to these electrical plug-in connections.

As shown in FIG. 1, the second carrier part 12 or inlet piece either isformed as a suitable metallic cast part or receives embedded yoke parts,which will be discussed below. In any case, the inlet piece likewiseforms a one-piece inlet connection piece 22, a front wall 23 of which isin contact with an annular end wall of the coil body 17 and forms a partof the magnetic return path circuit. The carrier part 12 comprises apart 24 which projects inwardly is tapered, at the end thereof and formsa seat area 25 of the magnetic valve. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1,area 25 is preferably formed from a prevulcanized elastomer ringmaterial 26 and has a shape shown in FIG. 1, so that a good sealingeffect with the closing member 14 is achieved.

The closing member 14 is shown in two positions in FIG. 1. In an openposition A of the valve shown by a dashed line, and in a closed positionB shown by a solid line.

After the inlet piece, is received in a is slide into the is slid intothe stepped bore 27 of the outlet piece. The housing 13 is received overthe latter and can rest against the annular wall 23 of the inlet piecewith an inwardly projecting annular shoulder 13a and is secured at theother side, by a flange 28.

This is the basic construction of the valve, according to the invention,and before possibilities for its practical realization and its functionsare discussed below. Ideas relating to fluid mechanics andelectromagnetism which were acquired by tests (empirically), and alsoparticularly shapes and behavior of seat and closing members would firstbe discussed with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. A visual analysis of theflow behavior in a valve model shown schematically in FIG. 2 and made oftransparent plastic material (Plexiglass) is determined by across-sectional configuration from the inlet connection piece to theoutlet connection piece, as shown in FIG. 3. The valve model upon whichthe examination is based comprises an approximately tearshaped closingmember/armature SA, whose shape could also be called blimb-shaped orbomb-shaped in general, which is arranged so as to be adjustable in aflow direction, e.g. with a stem. The floating body SA is positioned inan axially symmetrical manner in a Plexiglass pipe GR whose shape isselected in such a way, while taking into consideration the crosssection of the closing member (in the open position of the valve), thatthe cross-section of a flow assumes the configuration III shown in FIG.3 in the area of the closing member and after the latter.

The following description also contains, in part, numerical valueswhich, of course, do not limit the invention, but rather are onlyindicated for reasons of improved understanding and clarity.

The cross-sectional guiding area seen in FIG. 2 (as shown by an arrow E)is particularly favorable to flow and, at a seat diameter of 8 mm (0.5cm²), provides for pressure losses approximately equal to those with aseat diameter of 12.5 mm (1.23 cm²) in a conventional magnetic valve. Bydisplacing the closing member into the position of FIG. 2 shown indashed lines, a reliable closing of the valve is achieved, wherein thetheoretically determined closing forces are approximately 2.45 timessmaller than in the conventional magnetic valve. Tests were carried outwith water under conditions conforming to practice, wherein a waterquantity of approximately 2,000 1/h was aimed for, which would lead to apressure loss of only approximately 0.2 bar via the valve. Thepeculiarities of the flow guidance are explained by dividing the valvelength into four portions A, B, C and D as shown in FIG. 2.

The inlet connection piece portion A (acceleration distance) forms anopening angle (preferably <35°) in a funnel-like manner and serves as atransition between the hose cross section and the seat diameter S of thevalve. This area would, in itself, cause a pressure loss ofapproximately 0.5 bar.

The portion B forms the liquid jet gap and a closing and deflectingarea, respectively, for the flow-line configuration in the seat area ofthe valve.

It must be taken into account that position 1 is the seat area and,therefore, has a shape which is adapted to the closing member.Therefore, in the same way, the distance 2-3 on the inside of the valvetube also only allows construction possibilities which do not exert adisruptive influence on the shape of the closing member.

The shape of the closing member in the area 4-5-6 (FIG. 2) has asubstantial influence on pressure loss, closing force at the start ofthe lift and tightness of the valve. The fluid jet flows against thezone 4-5 frontally and is split by the latter in such a way that a flowis guided if possible, along the path 1-2-3 by a so-called Coandaeffect. The liquid jet at the circumferential point 5 of the closingmember SA is accordingly lifted from this surface, so that a relativevacuum pressure effect occurs in the annular area 5-6, which is capableof an important contribution to the reduction of the initial closingforces.

At point 6, the flow has a velocity which is approximately equal to thatin the seat area.

In the entire portion B, a twofold deflection of the liquid jet iseffected at high velocity (between distances 4-5 and 1-2-3,respectively); therefore, the density, dynamic viscosity and cavitationtendency of the liquid and, possibly of the alternative medium gas, areto be taken into account. A corresponding optimization of these areas1-2-3 and 4-5-6 with the given conditions of the flowing medium istherefore advisable, also while taking into account its compressibilityand state of impurity, in addition to viscosity and density.

Under these circumstances, the invention provides that under certaincircumstances exchangeable closing members/magnet armatures can be usedaccording to the medium to be conducted in each instance, so thatchanges are possible at the circumference 5, at the radius of thedistance 4-5, and at the bevel of zones 5-6 (all bodies are symmetricalwith respect to rotation) in order to ensure sealing conditions whichare adapted to the medium and trouble-free switching behavior under theinfluence of the magnetic field under the respective conditions.

In portions C and D, the flow must decelerate to the velocity determinedby the diameter of the adjoining line, with the least possible vortexlosses. In so doing, the kinetic energy of the liquid is changed backinto a pressure gain, so that the entire pressure loss of the valve isonly 0.2 bar.

In addition, portion C, which is constructed in the schematic view ofFIG. 2 so as to taper continuously until its transition to portion D,has the additional task of mechanically guiding the closing member andtransmitting magnetic flow, respectively, which will be discussed in thefollowing.

From the point of view of the magnetic function, the annular surfaceareas 1-2 and 5-6, respectively, which are located opposite one another,are constructed as attracting poles of an air gap, wherein, due toconsiderations relating to the electromagnetic efficiency, this gap islocated approximately in the center of the coil, as indicated in IV inFIG. 3. The closing of the magnetic circuit along the shortest distanceis then effected along the dashed line V in FIG. 1.

The portion A is formed in the practical embodiment according to FIG. 1or FIG. 3 by the inlet piece (second carrier part 12 with hoseconnection piece), wherein the valve seat seal, which consists of asuitable rubber or elastomer, is arranged, preferably vulcanized on, atthe left side of this inlet piece and is designated by 26 in FIG. 1 andshaped corresponding to zone 1-2-3 and simultaneously acts as a sealrelative to the coil body 17. The inlet piece is preferably constructedas one piece, with the exception of the elastomer seal 26, which isvulcanized thereon. The rest of the requirements regarding shape withrespect to magnetism and fluid mechanics, as follows from this modelview, are then met by the outlet piece which is the first carrier part11, and the closing member/magnet armature 14. The flow velocityresulting from the tear shape and the rest of the model construction ofFIG. 2 is indicated in the diagram of FIG. 3 at V with a dashed curvewhich designates a range of dispersion for the adjoining portions A, Band C. The seat plane of the closing member extends in FIG. 3 at VI.

In order to ensure dynamic movements of the closing member/magnetarmature, its guidance and the magnetic return path, specifically whilemaintaining the tear shape in principle, guidance means are associatedwith the closing member/magnet armature in its form conforming topractice in the manner shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 7, which guidance meansare designated as guidance magnet guide vanes 30, and can best be seenin the view in FIG. 6 and the cross section shown of FIG. 5 andapproximately resemble guide fins of a rocket. These guidance magnetguide vanes 30 are uniformly distributed around the outer surface of theclosing member at equal angular distances, preferably 90°, so that thereis a total of four vanes.

These vanes are constructed advantageously in such a way that they beginwith a bevel S at a predetermined, preferably slight distance downstreamof the bevel plane annular surface 5-6 of the closing member/magnetarmature 14, so that e.g. fibrous impurities contained in the medium tobe controlled do not cling to these vanes. The vanes extend linearly inthe direction of flow, that is to the right in the drawing of FIG. 6,and thus (during rotation of the closing member 14), as an envelopingcontour, have a cylindrical shape and are beveled again at their rearend at 31 before extending vertically to the center. Additional pressurelosses are kept small by the bevels S and 31 in the inlet and outletareas, respectively. However, for considerations relating to themagnetism, the strength or thickness h of the vanes (see FIG. 6) must besufficient for providing a defined magnetic flux can result along thevanes without excessive resistance.

In addition, the vane profile bordering the inner wall of the guide tubeof the closing member 14 (chiefly in portion C), which will be discussedfurther, is constructed in a roofed shaped manner, as can best be seenfrom the view in FIG. 5 at 32, so that it is also ensured thatimpurities contained in the fluid medium, for example, bodies of sand,exit in a practically compulsory manner from the gap between the vanesand the guide tube (which gap is still only linear in the roof shape).

Accordingly, in the area of the guide tube (portion C) for the closingmember/magnet armature 14, as this area is called in the following or asdesignated by 33, a cylindrical inner wall of the guide tube correspondsto the cylindrical external shape of the vanes (as enveloping contour),which cylindrical inner wall is formed by the inner wall of the coilbody (as part of the outlet piece). This cylindrical guide tube areacontinues in the direction of flow with a funnel-shaped zone 34 whosebevel can extend at approximately 25°. The corresponding ends 31 of theguide vanes 30, which are beveled in a correspondingly equiangularmanner, are supported on this bevel at the end of the opening lift.Therefore, the impact of the closing member/magnet armature 14 duringthe opening of the valve is not frontal in this area 31/34, butdiagonal, which is intercepted by means of an instantaneous radialexpansion of the assigned plastic tube in this area. If it is ensured,in addition, that the hose connection piece is simultaneously arrangedat the end of the coil body and sheathed by the rubber of a continuinghose 35, the impact energy of the opening valve is almost completelyeliminated (favorable reduction of noise).

In spite of the tendency toward asymmetry of the attraction magneticforces in the seat area and in spite of the play to be maintained by theclosing member/magnet armature 14 for reasons relating to operation,this area from the valve seat to the outlet bevel 34 can be constructedin such a way that the sealing engagement with the valve seat, and thesliding guidance in end connection areas results in that

upon a lift movement, the closing member/magnet armature 14 in theopening direction comes to a stop practically noiseless,

an easy mechanical guidance is ensured in the axial direction also whenthe medium is highly contaminated (water and e.g. foundry sand), withoutoccurrence of higher pressure losses, and

the magnetic losses between the closing member/magnet armature 14 andthe left-hand yoke piece 19 are as small as possible.

In so doing, a magnetically conductive tube piece can be embeddedpreferably in the coil body so as to adjoin the guidance pipe area 33;this tube piece is indicated in FIG. 1 by numeral 36 and forms anextension of the yoke piece 19 so that it contributes to ensuring thetransmission of the magnetic flux along the entire length of the vane.Because of this, a lower overall induction results, and the system haslower losses.

From the point of view of magnetism, a construction, shown in thecross-sectional view of FIG. 7, is preferred. The vanes 30' effectivelypass into a cylindrical shape at their outer end areas, whichcylindrical shape can have the length of the vanes and is shown in FIG.7 at 37. An air gap, which has a large surface area and, therefore,correspondingly low losses, results between this magnetically conductivepipe 37 and the yoke piece 19 or the magnetically conductive pipe piece36, respectively. But, on the other hand, since technologicalconsiderations and considerations relating to fluid, in particular, mustbe taken into account in this case, particularly also inpurities, thefree end area of the vane, as shown in the cross section of FIG. 5, ispreferred.

It can also be seen from the view of FIG. 5 that the armature isnormally supported laterally on two vanes in the guide tube. Therefore,additional distances "a" occur on the opposite side between the vaneedges and the guide tube. The distance "a" is critical, respectively,because of the eccentricity of the armature, the non-uniformity of themagnetic flux at the vane edge and, under certain circumstances, aleakage in the seat area because of an eccentric placement of the coneon the valve seat. Therefore, it is attempted to keep the distance "a"small, wherein it must be taken into account that a jamming of theclosing member/magnet armature 14 can occur in this area because ofimpurities (grains of sand). However, a reduction of the distance "a"below a given size of a grain of sand is possible without the risk ofblockage if the vane profile is constructed in a roof-shaped manner, asalready explained above.

It can be seen from the view of FIG. 1 that the inner wall of the coilbody 17 directed to the coil 18 consists in this area of the tube likeextension of the yoke piece 19 which is, therefore, coated externallywith an insulating layer 38 (e.g. powder coating). In addition, anon-magnetic (plastic) layer of a predetermined thickness "b"(preferably between 0.4 and 0.5 mm) is located between the magnetic tubeor extension of the yoke 19, or of the additional magneticallyconductive tube piece 36, respectively, and the closing member/magnetarmature 14 or its vane ends, respectively, so that a metallic contactis avoided between the magnetic guide tube on one hand, and thearmature, on the other hand. Such a metallic contact, which occurs viacontact points which are then simultaneously saturation zones of themagnetic circuit, could result in unfavorable friction conditions, wearand noise development. However, since this additional layer, which isdesignated by 39 in FIGS. 5 and 7, forms an additional air gap, itsthickness must be kept small.

Advantageous constructions of the invention are shown in FIG. 4. A firstembodiment I is indicated above the center axis, and a second embodimentII is indicated below the center axis.

In the embodiment I, the inlet piece 12' with a seat portion 26'thereon, is constructed separately from the rest of the components andis slid into the pipe opening of the coil body 17'. The entirety is thenheld together by the housing 13'. The inlet piece 12' is made of asuitable metallic work material with a corresponding magneticpermeability; the magnetic return path is effected via the housing 13'and the yoke 19' which generally has a tubular shape and comprises anannular outward flange 19a' which adjoins the housing casing 13'.

The seat portion 26' is vulcanized onto the inlet piece 12', with theseams (transition points between the) elastomer or rubber and the metalshould be at a sufficient distance from the seat contact point so as toallow as few stresses as possible to occur at the seams.

In the embodiment I, the outlet piece 11', as already explained ingeneral in FIG. 1, is a supporting plastic molded part with embeddedyoke 19', wherein this plastic molded part also cooperates in formingthe coil body 17'.

In contrast to this, the inlet piece 12" is a thicker supporting elementin embodiment II and carries yoke parts, which are embedded in thelatter and designated by 19", and simultaneously it forms the coil bodyfor receiving the electrical coil. In embodiment II, it can beadvantageous to arrange, e.g. to vulcanize on, the elastomer seal in theseat area on the closing member/magnet armature 14, as indicated at 40.This can be advantageous when a reduction in weight of the closingmember/magnet armature 14 is important, for example, when the valve,according to the invention, is used as a return valve, for reducing theopening pressure. The embodiment II can also be made in such a way thatthe coil body comprises metallic yoke molded parts which are injectedaround with a corresponding plastic layer. This plastic layer must bekept as thin as possible in the pole area of the inlet piece 12", and itcontinues into the area of the inlet connection piece; accordingly, agood anchoring and stiffening results particularly in the area of thewinding body due to perforations 41.

The housing 13' provides in its entirety for the ultimate tensilestrength and connection strength of the valve and forms a kind of aforce bridge which holds together the inlet piece and outlet pieceparts.

When the coil 18 is excited, the closing member/magnet armature 14 (seeFIG. 1) is attracted toward the inlet piece and then exercises sealingfunctions in the permanently excited state of the coil 18.

On the other hand, this sealing function can also be effected withoutelectric current when the medium flows in one direction of and then isreversed (return valve). In such an application, it is advisable toassemble the valve vertically in such a way that the inlet piece islocated below.

As soon as the coil 18 is deenergized the closing member/magnet armature14 returns to the position shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1 in abutmentat the bevel surface 34, so that a flow free of pressure losses to agreat extent passes around.

While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in amagnetic valve, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown,since various modifications and structural changes may be made withoutdeparting in any way from the spirit of the present invention.

Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist ofthe present invention that others can, by applying current knowledge,readily adapt it for various applications without omitting featuresthat, from the standpoint of prior art, fairly constitute essentialcharacteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention.

What is claimed as new and desired to be protected by Letters Patent isset forth in the appended claims.

I claim:
 1. A magnetic valve, particularly a two-way magnetic valve, forcontrolling flow of fluid medium in a device for heating passenger spacein a vehicle having a liquid cooled internal combustion engine, or thelike, said magnetic valve comprising an inlet member defining a valveinlet; an outlet member defining a valve outlet; a valve seat locatedbetween the valve inlet and the valve outlet; a closing member movablebetween an open position in which it is spaced from said valve seat, anda closed position in which it sealingly engages said valve seat; andmagnet coil means for generating a magnet field for moving said closingmember from said open position to said closed position, said magnet coilmeans including a coil body having an opening therethrough through whichthe medium flows, and a guide tube for guiding said closing member inits movements, said closing member forming a magnet armature for saidmagnet coil means, said valve seat having a seat annular surface, saidclosing member being progressively tapered in a streamlined manner in aflow direction of medium away from said seat annular surface, and saidclosing member being movable from the closed position thereof to theopen position thereof only under action of one of flow forces andpressure forces generated by a medium flow.
 2. A magnetic valveaccording to claim 1, wherein said inlet and outlet members define aflow path having an axis, and said closing member being substantiallyconcentric relative to said axis.
 3. A magnetic valve according to claim1, wherein said magnet coil means and said closing member form amagnetic circuit and said coil body comprises a magnet yoke embeded intosaid coil body in a region of said guide tube for closing the magnetcircuit.
 4. A magnetic valve according to claim 1, wherein said magnetcoil means and said closing member form a magnet circuit and said coilbody comprises a magnet tube embedded in said coil body in a region ofsaid guide tube for closing said magnet circuit.
 5. A magnetic valveaccording to claim 1, wherein said magnet coil means and said closingmember form a magnet circuit and said coil body comprises a magnet yokeand a magnet tube embedded in said coil body in a region of said guidetube for closing said magnet circuit.
 6. A magnetic valve according toclaim 1, wherein said closing member has a front pointed end facing thedirection of flow, a rear pointed end, a concave annular surfaceextending from said front pointed end, and a straight-line taper annularsurface extending from said concave annular surface to said rear pointedend in form of a tear.
 7. A magnetic valve according to claim 6, whereinsaid guide tube has an inner cylindrical surface, and said closingmember has a main body having an annular surface located adjacent saidconcave annular surface and includes a plurality of vanes symmetricallyprojecting from said main body and extending from said annular surface,and vanes having outer surfaces describing upon rotation of said closingmember, a cylindrical surface corresponding to said inner cylindricalsurface of said guide tube for enabling guidance of said closing memberand transition of a magnetic flux between said magnetic coil means andsaid closing member
 8. A magnetic valve according to claim 7, whereinsaid guide tube has an end bevel annular surface, and said vanes have afront inclined surface extending in the direction of flow and a rearbevel surface complimentary to said end bevel annular surface of saidguide tube.
 9. A magnetic valve according to claim 7, wherein each ofsaid outer surfaces has a roof shape with an uppermost surface portionfacing the guide tube.
 10. A magnetic valve according to claim 7,wherein said closing member has an outer ring which is spaced from saidmain body of said closing member and has an outer surface complimentaryto said inner cylindrical surface of said guide tube, said vanesextending between said outer ring and said main body.
 11. A magneticvalve according to claim 7, wherein said outer surfaces of said vanesare spaced a predetermined distance from said inner cylindrical surfaceof said guide tube, the movement of said closing member being limited bysaid seat annular surface and said end bevel annular surface of saidguide tube.
 12. A magnetic valve according to claim 7, wherein saidmagnet coil means comprises a magnet yoke, and said coil body with saidguide tube and said magnet yoke and said outlet member are formed as asingle rear part, said coil body comprising an outer annular surface,said magnet yoke comprising a flange and being injection molded aroundsaid outer annular surface of said coil body, said valve seat being apart of said inlet member, said inlet member being received in saidopening in said coil body and comprising a magnetically conductivematerial for closing the magnetic circuit.
 13. A magnetic valveaccording to claim 12, wherein said magnet yoke comprises a projectingportion extending parallel to the direction of flow for improvingmagnetic conductivity in areas of said vanes.
 14. A magnetic valveaccording to claim 12, wherein said rear part has an additional tubemember for performing yoke functions at rear portions of said vanes. 15.A magnetic valve according to claim 1, wherein said inlet member has afront tapering end comprising an elastomeric seal.
 16. A magnetic valveaccording to claim 5, wherein said guide tube has an inner cylindricalsurface, and said tapering end has an end portion, said elastomeric sealbeing prevulcanized at used end portion and having an inwardly curvedconcave annular surface which passes into said inner cylindrical surfaceof said guide tube.
 17. A magnetic valve according to claim 1, whereinsaid coil body is made of a metal material, said inlet member beinginjection molded around said coil body and said outlet member beinginjection molded around said inlet member.
 18. A magnetic valveaccording to claim 1, further comprising a housing surrounding saidmagnet coil means and having opposite flange means for flanging saidcoil body.
 19. A magnetic valve according to claim 18, wherein saidinlet member is composed of a plastic material and includes embeddedmagnet yoke parts and has a seat portion, said closing member having anend portion formed of one of an elastomeric and rubber-like material forsealingly engaging said seat portion.
 20. A magnetic valve according toclaim 1, wherein said magnet coil means comprises a magnet yoke, saidguide tube being a part of said magnet yoke and having an inner surfacecoated with a plastic layer.
 21. A magnetic valve according to claim 1,wherein said guide tube has a portion defining said valve seat, saidclosing member having a portion engaging said valve seat, said portionof said guide tube and said portion of said closing member definingopposite attraction poles defining a magnetic air gap therebetween.